Reducing Function Words

Reducing Function Words

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Stress Simplified

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  • IMPORTANT: Stress Simplified is no longer being updated or supported. Details inside.
  • Welcome to Stress Simplified!
  • Why Stress Matters - An Overview of Stress in American English3
  • How to Make Practicing Stress Part of Your Life2
  • Two Ways to Approach Practicing Stress
  • How to Track Your Progress on Your Own
  • Stress Simplified Guidebook - Let's Get Started
  • Stress Simplified Calendar
  • Download the Stress Simplified Guidebook with Complete Transcripts

Introduction to Word Stress

  • Introduction to Word Stress1
  • Understand Pitch in English and Practice Pitch Variation5
  • Exploring Pitch with Steps and Slides
  • How to Use Volume to Create Word Stress with Louder Syllables1
  • Exploring Your Volume to Understand How Pitch and Volume Work Together
  • Why the Length of Stressed Syllables is So Important7
  • Practical Exercises to Help You Learn and Remember Word Stress Patterns7

Producing Natural-Sounding Syllables

  • Understanding the Differences Between Stressed, Unstressed, and Reduced Syllables7
  • How Word Stress Can Help You Produce Natural-Sounding Vowels1
  • Understanding Vowel Shaping and Off-Glides for Clear Stress and a Natural Accent35
  • Practice Long Vowels and Diphthongs in American English5
  • How to Vary Your Pitch and Link Syllables to Reduce Choppiness in Your Speech16
  • Why You Need to Pay Extra Attention to One and Two Syllable Words1
  • Why You Need to Exercise Your Mouth and Practice These Shapes1
  • Stretch Your Mouth & Jaw to Improve How You Say Long Vowels and Diphthongs

Work on Word Stress Patterns

  • Get Started Working on Your Word Stress2
  • How to Identify Word Stress with Online Dictionaries1
  • Keeping Stress Simple - Primary and Secondary Stress1

Practice Vowel Sounds and Stressed Syllables

  • Practice Vowel Sounds and Stressed Syllables
  • Practice Vowel Sounds and Stressed Syllables - PDF Guide
  • Creating Contrast Between Stressed and Unstressed and Reduced Syllables
  • /eɪ/ as in day
  • /i/ as in meet
  • /aɪ/ as in light
  • /oÊŠ/ as in road
  • /u/ as in food
  • /aÊŠ/ as in now
  • /ɔɪ/ as in toy
  • /æ/ as in fast
  • /É›/ as in red3
  • /ɪ/ as in kid
  • /É‘/ as in stop
  • /É‘/ as in stop - New England Variation
  • /É”/ as in dog
  • /ÊŒ/ as in luck
  • /ÊŠ/ as in good
  • /Éœr/ as in learn
  • More Resources for Pronouncing Sounds in American English

Learning and Practicing Stress Patterns

  • Introduction to Stress Patterns
  • Guidelines for Stress Patterns
  • Practice Pitch Steps & Stress Patterns in Two- and Three-Syllable Words
  • Guidelines for Other Predictable Stress Patterns
  • Stress Patterns in Word Families
  • Guidelines for Word Partnerships

30 Day Boot Camp

  • Stress Simplified Boot Camp: Commit to a Daily Practice
  • Introduction to the Stress Simplified Boot Camp
  • Stress Simplified Boot Camp Calendar
  • Day 1
  • Day 2
  • Day 3
  • Day 4
  • Day 5
  • Day 6
  • Day 7
  • Day 8
  • Day 9
  • Day 10
  • Day 11
  • Day 12
  • Day 13
  • Day 14
  • Day 15
  • Day 16
  • Day 17
  • Day 18
  • Day 19
  • Day 20
  • Day 21
  • Day 22
  • Day 23
  • Day 24
  • Day 25
  • Day 26
  • Day 27
  • Day 28
  • Day 29
  • Day 30
  • Create Your Own Vocabulary Lists for Stress Patterns

Master Stress Patterns: Practice Exercises

  • Practice Stress Patterns
  • Stress Patterns with IPA Transcriptions
  • Stress Pattern #1: Compound Nouns4
  • Stress Pattern #2: Compound Proper Nouns12
  • Stress Pattern #3: Days and Months4
  • Stress Pattern #4: Holidays12
  • Stress Pattern #5: Nouns and Verbs
  • Stress Pattern #6: Phrasal Verbs9
  • Stress Pattern #7: Numbers6
  • Stress Pattern #8: Noun-Noun Partnerships
  • Stress Pattern #9: Verb-Noun Partnerships
  • Stress Pattern #10: Adjective-Noun Partnerships
  • Stress Pattern #11: Noun and Noun Partnerships
  • Stress Pattern #12: Acronyms
  • Stress Pattern #13: -ion, -ian, or -ional
  • Stress Pattern #14: -ic or -ical
  • Stress Pattern #15: -ient, -ience, or -iency
  • Stress Pattern #16: -ial or -ual
  • Stress Pattern #17: -ible or -able
  • Stress Pattern #18: -ity or -ify
  • Stress Pattern #19: -ee
  • Stress Pattern #20: -ese
  • Stress Pattern #21: -eer
  • Stress Pattern #22: -esque
  • Stress Pattern #23: -ious, -eous, or -uous
  • Stress Pattern #24: -graph
  • Stress Pattern #25: -graphy or -grapher
  • Stress Pattern #26: -ology
  • Stress Pattern #27: -tique and -et
  • Stress Pattern #28: -ette
  • Stress Pattern #29: -ort
  • Stress Pattern #30: -oon
  • Stress Pattern #31: -ize
  • Stress Pattern #32: -ate
  • Practice Exercise for Personality Vocabulary and Word Stress
  • Bonus Video: 30 Words That Americans and Brits Stress Differently2
  • Bonus Video: How to Stress the 50 States of the United States of America
  • How to Stress Words with Dropped, Disappearing, or Deleted Syllables
  • Practice Exercise: Words with Dropped, Disappearing, or Deleted Syllables

Sentence Stress

  • Introduction to Sentence Stress
  • Understanding Content and Function Words
  • Reducing Function Words
  • Weak Forms of Function Words
  • Weak Forms at a Glance
  • Create Contrast for the Natural Rhythm and Melody of English
  • Focus on Lengthening Stressed Syllables to Sound More American
  • Pitch Waves, Sentence Stress, and the Melody of English
  • Understanding Stress on Normal Sentences
  • Shift Stress to Make Your Meaning Clear
  • Connecting Sentence Stress and Intonation

More Sentence Stress Practice

  • Practice Exercise: Understanding Content and Function Words
  • Practice Exercise: Reducing Function Words
  • Practice Exercise: Weak Forms of Function Words
  • Practice Exercise: Understanding Stress in Normal Sentences
  • Practice Exercise: Shift Stress to Make Your Meaning Clear
  • Practice Exercise: Connecting Sentence Stress and Intonation
  • How to Say Contractions with Sentence Stress
  • Contractions and Sentence Stress Practice Exercises
  • How to Say Phrasal Verbs with Sentence Stress
  • Phrasal Verbs and Sentence Stress Practice Exercises
  • Phrasal Verbs and Introduction to Linking
  • How to Say Informal Contractions with Sentence Stress

Thought Groups and Chunking

  • Understanding Sentence Stress and Thought Groups
  • Thought Groups and Chunking
  • Stress Patterns and Chunking in Numbers
  • Practice Sentence Stress and Thought Groups
  • How to Practice Sentence Stress and Thought Groups on Your Own2
  • Thought Groups Practice Exercise #1
  • Thought Groups Practice Exercise #2
  • Thought Groups Practice Exercise #3
  • Thought Groups Practice Exercise #4
  • Thought Groups Practice Exercise #5
  • Thought Groups Practice Exercise #6
  • Thought Groups Practice Exercise #7

Advanced Stress

  • Adjusting the Length of Stressed Syllables
  • Revisiting Different Levels of Stress in Words
  • Adding Syllables to Words - Prefixes and Suffixes
  • Advanced Stress in Phrases & Thought Groups
  • Choose Which Word to Stress the Most in a Phrase

Reflect On Your Progress

Delayed 30 days

  • Test Your Mastery of Stress Patterns
  • How to Measure Your Own Progress
  • Measure Your Own Progress - Reflection Questions [PDF Guide]
  • Share Your Feedback on Stress Simplified